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The Criminal Phenomenon A Study in Criminology

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This book explores the underlying causes of criminal behavior through a legal-scientific perspective, utilizing empirical scientific methods to analyze and interpret crime. It highlights the critical role that criminology plays in understanding criminal phenomena, identifying the causes and factors that drive individuals towards criminal behavior. The book provides a detailed exposition of the fundamentals of criminology, including its origins, definition, branches, and its relationship with other forensic sciences, as well as clarifying its methodologies.

Additionally, the book addresses various theories used to explain criminal behavior, encompassing both partial and integrative interpretations of criminal phenomena. It details the internal factors influencing the emergence of crime, as well as the impact of external factors, offering a comprehensive understanding of the complex dynamics that contribute to criminal behavior.

Table of Contents

Introduction.. 11

Chapter One

Fundamentals of Criminology

First: Introduction to Criminology.. 15

  1. Definition of Criminology.. 15
  2. The Debate on the Scientific Status of Criminology.. 17
  3. The Relationship Between Criminology and Other Criminal Sciences 21

Second: The Subject of Criminology.. 24

  1. The Crime.. 24
  2. The Criminal.. 27

Third: The Origins and Development of Criminology.. 28

  1. History of Criminology.. 28
  2. The Evolution of Criminology.. 30

Fourth: Branches of Criminology.. 32

  1. Forensic Psychology.. 32
  2. Criminal Anthropology.. 34
  3. Criminal Sociology.. 35

Fifth: Research Methods in Criminology.. 35

  1. Social Survey (Enquête Sociale) 36
  2. Observation.. 37
  3. Questionnaires. 38
  4. Interviews. 39
  5. Comparative Method.. 39
  6. Criminal Statistics. 39
  7. Examination in Criminology.. 41

Second chapter

Scientific Theories in Explaining Criminal Phenomena

First: The Partial Explanation of the Criminal Phenomenon.. 46

A.The Biological Explanation of Criminal Phenomenon.. 46

  1. Psychological Interpretation of Criminal Behavior.. 56
  2. The Social Explanation of Criminal Phenomena.. 62

Secondly: The Integrative Explanation of Criminal Phenomena   71

  1. Enrico Ferri. 71
  2. The Integrative Interpretation by Italian Physician Benigno Di Tullio 73

 

The third Chapter

Factors of Criminal Behavior

First: Internal factors. 82

  1. Genetics. 82
  2. Gender.. 86
  3. Age and Its Relation to Criminal Phenomena.. 89
  4. Physical, Mental, and Psychological Disorders. 90
  5. Physical Constitution.. 91
  6. Alcohol and Drug Addiction.. 96

Secondly: External Factors. 98

  1. Economic Environment.. 99
  2. Social Environment.. 101
  3. Cultural Environment.. 104
  4. The Natural Environment and Its Impact on Criminal Behavior 113

Conclusion.. 121

Bibliographie.. 123

 

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